// Exercise 1.5.7 (Solution published at http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/)
package algs15;
import java.util.Arrays;
import stdlib.*;
/* **************************************************************************
 *  Compilation:  javac QuickFindUF.java
 *  Execution:  java QuickFindUF < input.txt
 *  Dependencies: StdIn.java StdOut.java
 *
 *  Quick-find algorithm.
 *
 *  % java QuickFindUF < largeUF.txt
 *  QuickFindUF # components: 6 [1054.198000]  // 17 minutes
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

public class QuickFindUF implements UF {
  private int[] id;
  private int count;

  // instantiate N isolated components 0 through N-1
  public QuickFindUF(int N) {
    count = N;
    id = new int[N];
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
      id[i] = i;
  }

  // return number of connected components
  public int count() {
    return count;
  }


  // are elements p and q in the same component?
  public boolean connected(int p, int q) {
    return id[p] == id[q];
  }
  
  // Return component identifier for component containing p
  public int find(int p) {
    return id[p];
  }

  // merge components containing p and q
  public void union(int p, int q) {
    if (connected(p, q)) return;
    int pid = id[p]; // loser
    int qid = id[q]; // champion
    for (int i = 0; i < id.length; i++)
      if (id[i] == pid) id[i] = qid;
    count--;
  }

  public String toString() { return Arrays.toString (id); }
  public void toGraphviz() { GraphvizBuilder.ufToFile (id); }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    boolean print = true;
    StdIn.fromFile ("data/tinyUF.txt"); 
    //StdIn.fromFile ("data/mediumUF.txt"); print = false;
    //StdIn.fromFile ("data/largeUF.txt"); print = false;

    int N = StdIn.readInt();
    QuickFindUF uf = new QuickFindUF(N);
    if (print) { uf.toGraphviz(); StdOut.println("   : " + uf); }

    // read in a sequence of pairs of integers (each in the range 0 to N-1),
    // calling find() for each pair: If the members of the pair are not already
    // call union() and print the pair.
    Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch ();
    while (!StdIn.isEmpty()) {
      int p = StdIn.readInt();
      int q = StdIn.readInt();
      if (uf.connected(p, q)) continue;
      uf.union(p, q);
      if (print) { StdOut.println(p + " " + q + ": " + uf); uf.toGraphviz(); }
    }
    StdOut.format("QuickFindUF # components: %d [%f]\n", uf.count(), sw.elapsedTime ());
  }

}